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16. Have you got used to your new flat now?
17. I haven't got used to the new timetable yet.
18. She's got used to the idea of moving now.
19. By the end of the year she (had) got used to the work.
20. When he (had) got used to the terminology he found that he could translate everything they gave him.
As indicated by the brackets, the past perfect may be replaced by the past indefinite in many cases. Although the perfect tenses occur as shown above, they are not very often used, because a completed process tends to be regarded as a state and expressed by the verb to be. Even in the examples given, to be is possible, with a corresponding slight shift of emphasis.
21. Are you used to your new flat now?
22. I'm not used to the new timetable yet.
23. She's used to the idea of moving now.
24. By the end of the year she was used to the work.
25. When he was used to the terminology he found that he could translate everything they gave him.
Finally it should be mentioned that used to with a noun, pronoun or gerund is characteristic of non-formal style. In formal style we find accustomed to instead. Get is replaced in formal situations by become or grow. (See also p. 60.) This gives the following picture:
Non-Formal Style Formal Style
Denoting a state: be used to be accustomed to Denoting a change get used to become/grow accustomed of state: to
Exercise. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of be or get where necessary. In some cases a negative particle may also be required by the sense.
1. When he was a boy he ... used to play football. 2.—Wouldn't you like to sit down? — No, thank you. I ... used to standing. 3. —I don't like the food here. — You'll soon ... used to it. 4. At first I made very slow progress, because I ... used to the system. 5. We ... used to go out more often before the baby was born. 6. —Didn't you find it difficult to concentrate with the radio on? — No. I ... used to it. 7. She ... used to wear her hair long. 8. Ihey say one can ... used to anything. 9. He felt very lonely, as he ... used to living by himself.
10. The children ... used to the new teacher by the end of the month.
11. I can't ... used to the new machine. 12. My father... used to read a lot before his eyesight got so bad. 13. He was very annoyed by her
131 remark, because he ... used to being spoken to like that. 14. She ... used to dream of becoming a famous actress. 15. It took me a longtime to ... used to the new methods. 16. This street ... used to be called Horseguards Avenue. 17. There was no letter from David but Janet did not worry. She ... used to his thoughtlessness. 18. Motorists from abroad often have difficulty in Britain, because they ... used to driving on the left.
Useful, Helpful, Good (for the Health)
Useful is applied to such things as tools, household utensils and gadgets (electric mixers, toasters, etc.), books, maps, etc., information, advice, ideas. Here are some examples of usage:
1. Thank you for the potato-peeler. It will be very useful.
2. Alan always gives useful presents but Margaret prefers something decorative.
3. Ifs a very useful book.
4. I find the index useful.
5. There are some useful exercises in this book.
6. John gave me some useful advice about record-play-ers.
Useful is also used of clothes, meaning that they can be worn often or on various occasions:
7. This is a very useful jacket. It goes with everything.
Note the expressions to find smth. useful (see example 4) and to come in useful, which often occurs in colloquial English in the sense of "prove to be useful".
8. The money I earned will come in {very) useful (for my holiday).
Useful is sometimes applied to people in colloquial style, meaning "able to help; capable".
eg 9. Peter's a useful person to have around. 10. Johnson is a useful member of the team.
The expression make oneself useful, also colloquial, means "do something to help".
eg 11. (When some friends are preparing for a party)
— Don't just sit there. Make yourself useful. Cut some bread, or lay the table.
132 On the whole, however, helpful, meaning "willing to help", is more often used with reference to people.
eg 12. Angela is a very helpful person.
13. The librarian was very helpful. She showed me how to use the catalogue.
14. (Customer to shop assistant) — Thank you for being so helpful.
Note that helpful is usually preceded by an adverb of degree such as very, most or so.
In the sense of "beneficial (to the health)", neither useful nor helpful is used, but good for you.
eg 15. You should eat more fruit. It's very good for you.
16. Swimming is good for you.
Where appropriate the pronouns me, him/her, etc. are used.
17. It will be good for me to go to bed early.
Good for you/me, etc. are characteristic of informal and semi-formal style. In formal style good for the health or beneficial is used instead.
eg 18. Raw vegetables are very good for the health. 19. Massage is often beneficial in such cases.
