Практический курс английского языка - Камянова Т.
ISBN 5-85550-177-9
Скачать (прямая ссылка):
23. 41 Основываясь на тексте, выразите свое согласие или несогласие с данными положениями:
1. All the animals on the farm knew it for sure when the Rebellion predicted by Major was going to start.
2. The animals didn't think that it was their duty to prepare for the Rebellion.
3. The work of teaching and organizing the others fell upon the horses who were generally recognized as being the cleverest of the animals.
4. The farmer Mr. Jones never intended to sell Napoleon and Snowball, two young boars.
5. The best known among the porkers was a small fat pig named Squealer of whom the others said that he could turn black into white.
6. The name of a complete system of thought that the pigs worked out was Animalism.
7. All the animals on the farm understood the principles of Animalism at once.
8. Moses, a raven, whom Mr. Jones appreciated most of all, wasn't a spy and a lier, and he had a way to influence all the animals on the farm.
9. Moses spoke about Sugarcandy Mountain where there was Sunday seven days a week and nobody had to work, and all the animals believed him.
10. The most faithful pupils of the pigs were two cart horses, they supported everything that they were told.
11. It turned out that the Rebellion was achieved in April, much earlier and more easily that anyone had expected.
12. Mr. Jones's people fed the animals on the day of the Rebellion as they usually did, and they had no idea why the animals suddenly threw themselves on them.
13. Mrs. Jones decided to stay in the house whatever was happening.
14. Animals destroyed everything that reminded them of Mr. Jones's times.
15. On the next day after the Rebellion the animals began hay harvest, but at first they attended to another matter.
16. The pigs worked out five principles of Animalism or five commandments.
17. It was told in the commandments, what was allowed and what was forbidden for the animals.
18. Nobody was responsible for milking the cows.
19. Napoleon said that the harvest was more important than the milk.
20. When the animals came back from the field in the evening, it was noticed that buckets with milk were standing at the same place.
280
EXERCISES
23. 42 Переведите и прокомментируйте следующие пословицы:
1. When guns speak it is too late to argue.
2. The darkest hour is that before the dawn.
3. Actions speak louder than words.
4. As well be hanged for a sheep as for a lamb.
5. All roads lead to Rome.
6. Of two evils choose the less.
23. 43 Прочитайте и переведите:
Why I Write
(by George Orwell)
Extracts
From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew that when I grew up I should be a writer. Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so with the consciousness that I was outraging my true nature and that sooner or later I should have to settle down and write books.
I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories and holding conversations with imaginary persons, and I think from the very start my literary ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created a sort of private world in which I could get my own back for my failure in everyday life. Nevertheless the volume of serious - i.e. seriously intended - writing which I produced all through my childhood and boyhood would not amount to ha|f a dozen pages. I wrote my first poem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation. I cannot remember anything about it except that it was about a tiger and the tiger had «chair-like teeth» - a good enough phrase, but I fancy the poem was a plagiarism of Blake's «Tiger, Tiger.» At eleven, when the war of 1914-18 broke out, I wrote a patriotic poem which was printed in the local newspaper, as was another, two years later, on the death of Kitchener. From time to time, when I was a bit older, I wrote bad and usually unfinished «nature poems» in the Georgian style. I also attempted a short story which was a failure. That was the total of the would-be serious work that I actually set down on paper during all those years.
I give all this background information because I do not think one can assess a writer's motives without knowing something of his early development. Putting aside the need to earn a living, I think there are four great motives for writing, at any rate for writing prose. They exist in different degrees in every writer, and in any one writer the proportions will vary from time to time, according to the atmosphere in which he is living. They are:
1. Sheer egoism. Desire to seem clever, to be talked about, to be remembered after death, etc., etc. Writers share this characteristic with scientists, artists, politicians, lawyers, soldiers, successful businessmen - in short, with the whole top of humanity. The great mass of human beings are not acutely selfish. After the age of about thirty they almost abandon the sense of being individuals at all - and live chiefly for others. But there is also the minority of gifted, wilful people who are determined to live their own lives to the end, and writers belong in this class.
