Базовый курс английского языка - Эккерсли К.Э.
ISBN 5-7871-0174-X
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I shaved ту self this morning.
1 О подлежащем и дополнении см. Урок 16, Книга 1.
(b) The man shaved himself.
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If you are not careful you will hurt yourself.
Jan taught himself French.
Lucille dressed herself carefully for the dance.
One cannot always please oneself.
The little dog can feed itself We taught ourselves to swim.
Jan and Olaf enjoyed themselves in Scotland.
I hope you all enjoy yourselves.
Усилительные местоимения Emphasizing Pronouns
В Уроке 6 вам также встретились предложения:
You don't believe that story yourself.
Aunt Aggie told me the story herself.
I will give Pluto the same food as I have myself
В этих предложениях местоимения с -self выполняют другую функцию. Разделим одно из предложений на подлежащее, глагол и дополнение:
Subject Verb Object
You don't believe that story.
Подлежащим и дополнением здесь являются разные лица; действие не "возвращается" к субъекту, а местоимения yourself herself, myself не являются возвратными. Их можно опустить, не искажая смысла предложения. Их функцией является усиление, поэтому они и называются усилительными.
Усилительные местоимения иногда имеют значение "сам по себе". В этом случае с ними употребляется предлог by. Например:
This is an engine that goes by itself
The little girl travelled from London to New York all by herself.
Вот таблица местоимений с -self (возвратные и усилительные):
183В
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person myself f yourself i- himself herself itself - oneself ourselves yourselves themselves
HOB: Ah! Now I understand something that happened to me a short time ago. I went into the post office with a letter in one hand and a stamp that I had bought in the other, and I handed them both to the girl there. "No, sir," she said, "You must stick the stamp on yourself."
I couldn't believe my ears; I said, "Why must I stick the stamp on myself? It's the letter that I want to post."
I see now that I made a fool of myself just because I didn't know the difference between a Reflexive Pronoun and an Emphasizing one!
* * * help
В Уроке 6 вам встретилось три значения слова help'.
(1) Не helped himself to potatoes.
To help oneself значит to take, to put food on one's plate, to pour drink in one's glass и т.д. Например:
Help yourself to the chocolates.
"May I help my self?"
"Yes, there are plenty here; help yourselves, everybody."
(2) I'm sure he can't help talking if he eats the parrot.
Эта конструкция (подлежащее и глагол + герундий) встречалась вам в Книге I. Например:
Hob (Subject) doesn't like (Verb) swimming (Gerund).
Do they like learning?
(3) That will help him to speak.
Фонетическая тренировка М [I] [е] [а] [а:] [э]
deal instance beg practise chance across steal introduce health slang pardon apologise
[u:]
[з:]
[ei]
[эи] [ai]
fool
murmur
return
case
strange
close fried
hostess decide
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ
1. Напишите форму прошедшего продолженного времени глаголов to do, to stop.
2. Употребите все глаголы в форме прошедшего продолженного времени, производя при этом необходимые изменения:
1. Hob told a story. 2. Margaret is writing a letter. 3. We are listening to the music. 4. Jan and Olaf swam in the river. 5. Mr. Priestley has written a book. 6. The boys have worked very hard. 7. Jan will play football tomorrow. 8. They will look at the pictures next week.
3. Употребите глаголы в скобках в прошедшем продолженном времени:
1. Hob got off the bus while it (go). 2. Jan (walk) home when he saw Frieda. 3.1 came into the room because the boys (make) a lot of noise.
4. Jan hurt his leg while he (play) football.
4. Употребите глаголы в скобках в соответствующей грамматической форме:
1. Не (read) a book when I (see) him. 2. The cat (eat) its supper when the ceiling (fall) down. 3. While Mr. Priestley (give) a lesson, Sally the cat (jump) on his table. 4. The rain (begin) to fall while we
185И
(watch) the boys playing football. 5.1 (see) some beautiful dresses in the shop window when I (come) to the class yesterday 6. Just as I (get) interested in my work, I (have) to go home. 7. Mr. Priestley (write) that book while he (live) in Scotland. 8. As Hob (come) to the class he (buy) some cakes.
5. Вставьте возвратные местоимения:
1. Olaf cut___when he was shaving. 2. Aunt Aggie saw_______in the
mirror. 3. The cat saw____in the mirror. 4. We saw____in the mirror.
5. The children saw in the mirror. 6.1 taught to play the piano.
7. One can easily lose____in the wood. 8. There are plenty of cakes
here, boys. Help____.
6. Вставьте усилительные местоимения:
1.1 made that box all by . 2. The children carried the chairs to the
room_____. 3. "Now, children, you must do this work 4. "Do you
think, Margaret, that you could cook the dinner_____, today?"
7. Вставьте соответствующие возвратные и усилительные местоимения и объясните свой выбор:
1. My friends enjoyed___at the theatre. 2. He said he was not at the
theatre but I saw him there___. 3. The dog hurt___climbing over the
gate. 4. Hob, you must do this work___, no one must help you. 5. Did
