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Искусство пальпации - Чейтоу Л.

Чейтоу Л. Искусство пальпации — ДОЦ, 2007. — 394 c.
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Fig. 6.1 The slump test position stretches the entire neural network from pons to feet. Note the direction of stretch of the dura mater and nerve roots. As the leg comes from position A to position B, the movement of the tibial nerve in relation to the tibia and femur is indicated by arrows. No neural movement occurs behind the knee or at levels C6, T6 or L4 ('tension' points).
Fig. 6.2 Upper limb tension test (2). Note operator's thigh depresses shoulder as the upper arm is placed in maximum internal rotation of the shoulder, elbow extension and forearm pronation as hand is also pronated and extended.
Fig. 7.1 Arrows show directions of movement, as 'ease' and 'bind' are assessed by the 'listening' hand on the spinal tissues during functional evaluation of spinal segments. Movements are:
Flexion-extension
Rotation left and right
Side-bending left and right
Translation to each side
Translation forward and back
Translation up and down (traction and compression).
Special Topic Fig. 8A Parallel displacement of a bone involving translatoric gliding (after Kaltenborn). One bone is moved parallel to the treatment plane until the tissues surrounding the joint are tightened (grade II) or the tissues crossing the joint are stretched (grade III).
Special Topic Fig. 8B The direction of gliding in a joint depends upon whether the surface on which movement is occurring is concave or convex. If concave gliding occurs it is in the same direction as the bone movement (left) while convex gliding occurs in the opposite direction to the movement of the bone (right).
Тгеаігпеґіі
а о
о о
Treatment
Special Topic Fig. 8C This figure illustrates the 'convex-concave rule' in which a mobile bone moves on a fixed structure. In the left hand example the joint surface is concave (as would be the case in the tibia, ulna or a phalangeal joint). If the mobile bone was restricted in an upward direction (striped arrow) the direction in which a gliding mobilisation would be made during treatment would also be in an upward direction (as indicated by the two large arrows).
In the right hand example there is a mobile bone associated with a convex surface (as in the head of the humerus, the femur or the talus). If this were restricted in an upward direction (striped arrow) the direction in which a gliding mobilisation would be made in treatment would be in a downward direction (large arrows).
OAj* ІІ лі ЛМА n.ai 4i l-.la- h . .
1
Physiologic^ barrier (linn 'end-feel')
midi me?
Anatomical barf юг Ifiard 'end-feel')
Special Topic Fig. 8D Schematic representation of a range of motion indicating normal restriction barriers (anatomical and physiological) as well as a pathological barrier and a position of maximal ease. The quality of the 'end-feel' of each of these positions will vary markedly.
Fig. 8.1 Standing flexion test for iliosacral dysfunction. The restricted side is the one on which the thumb moves during flexion.
F'iff. 9.3 Operate/ adopts apos/fro/7 offering a birds-eye view of ASIS prominences on which rest the thumbs.
Fig. 8.4A The ASISs are level and there is no rotational dysfunction involving the iliosacral joints.
Fig. 8.4B The right ASIS is higher than the left ASIS. If a thumb 'travelled' on the right side during the standing flexion test this would represent a posterior right iliosacral rotation dysfunction. If a thumb 'travelled' on the left side during the test this would represent an anterior left iliosacral rotation dysfunction.
Fig. 8.4C The ASISs are equidistant from the umbilicus and the midline, and there is no iliosacral flare dysfunction.
Fig. 8.4D The ASIS on the right is closer to the umbilicus/midline which indicates that either there is a right side iliosacral inflare (if the right thumb moved during the standing flexion test), or there is a left side iliosacral outflare (if the left thumb moved during the standing flexion test).
Fig. 8.5 Palpation of retroflexion (extension) of the thoracic spine.
Fig. 8.6 Palpation of gapping of spinous processes during flexion.
Fig. 8.7 The patient is side-bent (towards the right in this instance) over the palpating thumb which assesses the nature of the 'end-feel'. A sense of unusual 'bind' might indicate a restriction.
Fig. 8.8 Assessment ('shrug test') for restriction in clavicular mobility.
Fig. 8.9 Assessment ('prayer test') for restricted horizontal flexion of the sternoclavicular joint.
Special Topic Fig. 9A Distal phalanx position held as vertical to the palpated surface as possible, as described by Abrams, for percussion ('orthopercussion') assessment.
Special Topic Fig. 9B A finger which is to be used as a pleximeter should have the distal phalanx slightly raised (upper finger) and not resting along its length on the palpated surface (lower finger) [after Abrams]. The arrow represents the ideal point which should be struck for optimal percussion efficiency.
Fig. 9.1 Palpation of the liver (after Barral and Mercier) in which frontal, saggital and transverse planes of motion are sequentially assessed.
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