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Документы жизни и деятельности семьи Нобель том 2 - Мелуа А.И

Мелуа А.И Документы жизни и деятельности семьи Нобель том 2 — Гуманистика , 2011. — 481 c.
ISBN 5-86050-340-7
Скачать (прямая ссылка): dokumentigizni22011.pdf
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The published Charter of Nobel Brothers Petroleum Producing Company are dated 1885. It is written on the title page that the Charter were approved on May 18, 1879. The founders were Ludvig Emanuelovich Nobel from St. Petersburg, Robert Emanuelovich Nobel from Baku, Alfred Emanuelovich Nobel from Paris, Colonel Petr Alexandrovich Bilderling. The fixed capital stock was 3 million Roubles, divided into 600 shares, 5000 Roubles each. The capital was increased in the following years. The Association had the right to issue bonds.
The Nobel Brothers Petroleum Producing Company’s report for 1896 is also published (it was first published by St. Petersburg printing house in 1897, probably after May 17, 1897). This was the first report after the death of one of the shareholders, Alfred Nobel. The fixed capital stock of the Company amounted to 15 million Roubles. Manufacturing plants and warehouses, steamships and barges, freight cars and steam engines, Suramsky kerosene pipeline and other property belonging to the Company was evaluated at 26 million Roubles. About 40 million Roubles were received for sales of oil and other products of Nobel enterprises in Russia. About 150 thousand Roubles were transferred to the Treasury as taxes. The Company continued oil prospecting, survey and drilling and spent about 1 million Roubles on that. Gross profits for 1896 amounted to more than 3 million Roubles. There were about 1.2 million Roubles on the current accounts of St. Petersburg, Baku and Finnish banks. The Company owned securities of Russia, numerous banks and Ryazan-Urals railway. There is information about shares in commercial companies from other countries belonging to the Company in the reports for other years (not published in this collection).
Nobel Brothers Petroleum Producing Company published dozens of papers on methods and production. The experience of work is summed up in them and there are recommendations for employees of numerous branches of the Association in various cities of Russia. Scientific
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Publishing House «Humanistica» keeps the published documents in digital form in “Nobel” databank. There are some working documents of Nobel Brothers Petroleum Producing Company published in this collection.
Common arrangements, document samples, technologies are described in the Rules of storage and transportation of oil products. They were applied on all the territory of Russia. The Project of oil products loading, transportation and unloading rules on the Volga solved the same problems. The Volga River and the Caspian Sea were the principal waterways along which Nobel Brothers’ cargoes were transported by steamships. Some cargoes were transported by the Black Sea (there was a branch of the Association in Batumi) and the Mediterranean Sea. The latter direction was very important in view of the Nobels competition with oil projects of Rockfeller and Rothschild (in the next issue of the collections «Humanistica» will publish materials on this topic). Nobel founded a branch even in Vladivostok and built a tanker, planning to conquer new oil products markets in the Pacific Ocean.
There were special devices, methods and recommendations worked out for control of oil products quality. There are pictures and drawings of the devices in this collection. Nobel’s contribution to implementation of the metric system in Russia as well as the development of metrology will be presented in our next collections.
In 1896 the book «Oil Industry of Russia and Participation of Nobel Petroleum Producing Company in it» was published. That was the first big publication about the history of the Nobel Family’s work in Russia. The results of the Nobels’ work and the state of affairs in the Russian oil industry in the beginning of the 19th century can be found in the book.
In 1889 the reports presented at the session of the Imperial Russian Technical Society were published in St. Petersburg. Ludvig Nobel’s activities were summed up there. The publication is the final one among those presented in this collection.
ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ РЕДАКТОРА-СОСТАВИТЕЛЯ ПРОФЕССОРА А.И. МЕЛУА
Научное издательство «Гуманистика» продолжает публикацию документов жизни и деятельности семьи Нобель в России. Очередной второй том издания включает, в основном, работы, подготовленные как членами семьи Нобель, так и работавшими на их предприятиях специалистами. Эти документы представляют интерес в связи с выставкой «Семья Нобель в России», которую мы планируем открыть летом этого года в Хельсинки.
Первая небольшая группа документов посвящена не производству, а науке. Научные сотрудники Российской Академии наук Евгений Поляков и Светлана Середа обобщили архивы Академии наук (за период с 1890 по 1919 г.), иллюстрирующие вклад Эмануила Нобеля в научные исследования. Очевидно, что общая приверженность шведским корням Эмануила Нобеля и директора Пулковской астрономической обсерватории академика Оскара Баклунда способствовали не только их дружбе, но и реализации меценатских программ. В 1890 г. Эмануил предложил в дар Академии наук аппарат Репсольда для фотографирования звездного неба. Эмануил выдал германской фирме «Репсольд и сыновья» чек на сумму 1300 германских марок, и в марте 1891 г. прибор был передан в физический кабинет Академии наук. В последующем Эмануил оплатил труд научных работников, использовавших этот прибор. Через год, в апреле 1892 г., Эмануил выделил денежные средства для оплаты вычислительного бюро (обрабатывалась информация о движении комет и планет).
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